Recently, a number of media reported on the accumulation of more than 6 million tons of chromium residue in more than 20 cities in China. The public and the industry have given great attention. It is reported that these industrial chromium slags are involved in major cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Zhengzhou, among which only 526 thousand tons of chromium slag is accumulated in the production of chromic anhydride in Henan. According to experts, the chromium residue contains calcium chromate, a carcinogen, and hexavalent chromium, which is a highly toxic substance. In the absence of precautions, open dumping is persistent to environmental pollution. This time the report on the chromium residue has triggered the industry's hot debate on chemical solid waste.
Over the past few decades, due to the weak awareness of environmental protection of some enterprises and the backwardness of environmental protection and treatment technologies, coupled with the lack of funds for pollution control, many places in China have left behind a “slag mountain†to form a historical accumulation of pollutants. Especially in recent years, some chemical companies have been shut down and transferred, leaving a certain amount of chemical waste. Due to the absence of China's industrial solid waste management regulations, the responsible person for solid waste pollution is unclear, and the main management body has disappeared, creating a headache-prone problem.
It is understood that the more common industrial solid wastes are calcium gypsum from calcium carbide (PVC) companies, soda ash from soda ash companies, phosphorus slag from yellow phosphorus companies, slag from nitrogen fertilizer companies, and various ore refineries. The slag, etc., if these solid wastes are handled improperly or are not timely, may cause serious pollution, posing a threat to the environment and even personal safety. What is worrying is that at present, most chemical companies still do not have effective disposal methods for solid waste. Pollution incidents occur from time to time, such as the Zijin Mining environmental disaster that shocked the country this year. Experts pointed out that the old disease has not been eliminated, and the new disease is still present. The "Zhushan" may continue to expand.
In order to effectively solve the problem of chemical solid waste pollution, can we find a way to deal with solid waste pollution in advance? Chen Sizhong, an engineer at Jiangsu Chuangda Technology Co., Ltd., who worked in chemical design, gave a positive answer. Chen Sizhong analysis pointed out that in accordance with relevant regulations, new projects require environmental protection "three simultaneous." The solid waste treatment effect is not good, mainly because the environmental protection facilities are not in place after the start of the project. Human factors play a leading role. The specific performance is driven by profits. Enterprises cannot guarantee the necessary investment in environmental protection funds. "Many companies once passed the project EIA have passed and passed, and the actual implementation is very large. It can be imagined that the company is not willing to solve the solid waste generated at the moment, let alone historical solid waste?" Chen Sizhong said.
It is understood that due to the characteristics of the industry itself, the amount of solid waste generated by the chemical industry is huge, and the pollution caused by this is also alarming. If every production of 1 ton of soda ash requires 10 cubic meters of pulp residue, each ton of yellow phosphorus will produce more than 10 tons of phosphorus slag and phosphorus mud. All of these solid wastes are very harmful to the environment. According to Gao Baoqing, deputy general manager of Hubei Xiangfan Juli Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., phosphorus phosphides are generally contained within 3.5% of phosphorus. If the control of the yellow phosphorus furnace is not good, the phosphorus content can reach over 15%; Phosphorus is generally around 10%. “It can be seen from this that if phosphorus slag is not treated in time, phosphorus will infiltrate into the ground or flow into rivers through ditches, which will promote the eutrophication of the water,†Gao Baoqing said.
According to investigations, there are already a group of chemical companies that are responsible for soil conservation and have started investing heavily in the eradication of solid waste. The reporter learned from the Lianyungang Soda Plant of Nanhua Company that the plant's soda ash production capacity was 1.3 million tons and it produced about 13 million cubic meters of sludge every year. In the past, the company lacked a place for stacking. Even the abandoned shrimp ponds of farmers were used, but they still cannot fundamentally solve the problem of pollution. The company invested nearly 200 million yuan to purchase Finland's filter presses with advanced technology, and pressed and dewatered pulp slag to make cakes for paving pit pits. It not only eliminated pollution but also realized waste utilization. .
People in the industry believe that in addition to the strict self-regulation of enterprises in removing solid waste, it is indispensable to impose restrictions on enterprises in the form of laws and regulations. At present, some developed provinces and cities have incorporated solid waste treatment into the rule of law. For example, the "Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste in Jiangsu Province," which was implemented on January 1 this year, embodies the principle of "whoever pollutes and who govern," among which the special requirements are that of producing, collecting, storing, using, and disposing of industrial solids. Waste units must carry out environmental remediation on possible pollution. For the termination or relocation of the above-mentioned units, the degree of contamination of the soil and groundwater at the original site shall be monitored and evaluated in advance, environmental risk assessment reports shall be prepared, and shall be reported to the environmental protection agencies at or above the county level for the record; if any pollution is caused to the original site soil or groundwater, the environment Restoration; Environmental monitoring, assessment, repairs and other costs shall be borne by the above-mentioned units. This shows that all related parties have clear obligations, and those who reject responsibility will be subject to sanctions.
The personage inside course of study also pointed out at the same time, for the chemical solid waste that has formed a pile up for the historical reason or unable to trace back the responsible person, the local government finance should allocate funds to pay attention to governance. Because waiting can only cause more pollution, the ultimate victim is still local. The "Nanjing Municipal Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations" clearly stipulates: The cost of disposal and restoration of contaminated soil, and if there is no clear responsibility for the responsible person or the person in charge, the people's government at the same level shall bear it.
Over the past few decades, due to the weak awareness of environmental protection of some enterprises and the backwardness of environmental protection and treatment technologies, coupled with the lack of funds for pollution control, many places in China have left behind a “slag mountain†to form a historical accumulation of pollutants. Especially in recent years, some chemical companies have been shut down and transferred, leaving a certain amount of chemical waste. Due to the absence of China's industrial solid waste management regulations, the responsible person for solid waste pollution is unclear, and the main management body has disappeared, creating a headache-prone problem.
It is understood that the more common industrial solid wastes are calcium gypsum from calcium carbide (PVC) companies, soda ash from soda ash companies, phosphorus slag from yellow phosphorus companies, slag from nitrogen fertilizer companies, and various ore refineries. The slag, etc., if these solid wastes are handled improperly or are not timely, may cause serious pollution, posing a threat to the environment and even personal safety. What is worrying is that at present, most chemical companies still do not have effective disposal methods for solid waste. Pollution incidents occur from time to time, such as the Zijin Mining environmental disaster that shocked the country this year. Experts pointed out that the old disease has not been eliminated, and the new disease is still present. The "Zhushan" may continue to expand.
In order to effectively solve the problem of chemical solid waste pollution, can we find a way to deal with solid waste pollution in advance? Chen Sizhong, an engineer at Jiangsu Chuangda Technology Co., Ltd., who worked in chemical design, gave a positive answer. Chen Sizhong analysis pointed out that in accordance with relevant regulations, new projects require environmental protection "three simultaneous." The solid waste treatment effect is not good, mainly because the environmental protection facilities are not in place after the start of the project. Human factors play a leading role. The specific performance is driven by profits. Enterprises cannot guarantee the necessary investment in environmental protection funds. "Many companies once passed the project EIA have passed and passed, and the actual implementation is very large. It can be imagined that the company is not willing to solve the solid waste generated at the moment, let alone historical solid waste?" Chen Sizhong said.
It is understood that due to the characteristics of the industry itself, the amount of solid waste generated by the chemical industry is huge, and the pollution caused by this is also alarming. If every production of 1 ton of soda ash requires 10 cubic meters of pulp residue, each ton of yellow phosphorus will produce more than 10 tons of phosphorus slag and phosphorus mud. All of these solid wastes are very harmful to the environment. According to Gao Baoqing, deputy general manager of Hubei Xiangfan Juli Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., phosphorus phosphides are generally contained within 3.5% of phosphorus. If the control of the yellow phosphorus furnace is not good, the phosphorus content can reach over 15%; Phosphorus is generally around 10%. “It can be seen from this that if phosphorus slag is not treated in time, phosphorus will infiltrate into the ground or flow into rivers through ditches, which will promote the eutrophication of the water,†Gao Baoqing said.
According to investigations, there are already a group of chemical companies that are responsible for soil conservation and have started investing heavily in the eradication of solid waste. The reporter learned from the Lianyungang Soda Plant of Nanhua Company that the plant's soda ash production capacity was 1.3 million tons and it produced about 13 million cubic meters of sludge every year. In the past, the company lacked a place for stacking. Even the abandoned shrimp ponds of farmers were used, but they still cannot fundamentally solve the problem of pollution. The company invested nearly 200 million yuan to purchase Finland's filter presses with advanced technology, and pressed and dewatered pulp slag to make cakes for paving pit pits. It not only eliminated pollution but also realized waste utilization. .
People in the industry believe that in addition to the strict self-regulation of enterprises in removing solid waste, it is indispensable to impose restrictions on enterprises in the form of laws and regulations. At present, some developed provinces and cities have incorporated solid waste treatment into the rule of law. For example, the "Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste in Jiangsu Province," which was implemented on January 1 this year, embodies the principle of "whoever pollutes and who govern," among which the special requirements are that of producing, collecting, storing, using, and disposing of industrial solids. Waste units must carry out environmental remediation on possible pollution. For the termination or relocation of the above-mentioned units, the degree of contamination of the soil and groundwater at the original site shall be monitored and evaluated in advance, environmental risk assessment reports shall be prepared, and shall be reported to the environmental protection agencies at or above the county level for the record; if any pollution is caused to the original site soil or groundwater, the environment Restoration; Environmental monitoring, assessment, repairs and other costs shall be borne by the above-mentioned units. This shows that all related parties have clear obligations, and those who reject responsibility will be subject to sanctions.
The personage inside course of study also pointed out at the same time, for the chemical solid waste that has formed a pile up for the historical reason or unable to trace back the responsible person, the local government finance should allocate funds to pay attention to governance. Because waiting can only cause more pollution, the ultimate victim is still local. The "Nanjing Municipal Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations" clearly stipulates: The cost of disposal and restoration of contaminated soil, and if there is no clear responsibility for the responsible person or the person in charge, the people's government at the same level shall bear it.
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