From the appearance point of view, it is difficult to distinguish between the diesel engine car and the gasoline engine car. If you open it, the difference is not too great. In fact, some depots, such as the Volkswagen, tend to have gasoline- or diesel-driven models at the same time. However, if we analyze from the perspective of principle and performance, we can see a lot of differences.
From the point of view of the production method, gasoline and diesel are extracted from petroleum, but the viscosity (or fluidity) is not the same. Gasoline is more fluid than water. In comparison, the viscosity of diesel is very high. It's kind of like syrup. When the petroleum is refined, it is fractionated according to the proportion of its different components. The components with the lowest specific gravity are distillated out of gasoline, and the higher proportion of gasoline than gasoline is aviation gasoline followed by diesel.
Gasoline is the lightest, low density, high volatility, and very flammable. When gasoline is sucked into the cylinder of the engine, the gas is immediately vaporized, and the spark plug ignites and the gasoline is ignited in the cylinder, pushing the piston and turning the engine.
Diesel is relatively dense, with low volatility and relatively poor flammability. To make it detonate, we need a high-pressure plunger pump, which is sprayed into the cylinder under high pressure and in the form of a mist. When the piston in the cylinder is compressed to generate high temperature and high pressure, diesel will be detonated to drive the engine. This detonation is done at high temperature and high pressure and does not require a spark plug to ignite.
The advantage of diesel is that it is more dense, so the unit volume of diesel fuel can provide more energy. The reason why diesel vehicles save fuel is the reason, usually the energy per liter of gasoline is 30% lower than that of diesel. Its disadvantage is that the production of high temperature and high pressure requires a very high compression ratio to achieve, which makes the cost of manufacturing the engine increase, and it will be more difficult to start in the colder climate.
In addition, it takes a long time for the diesel engine to reach a higher speed, which explains why short-range diesel vehicles do not win petrol cars. However, due to the high energy density of diesel, it generates more torque than gasoline, so the relatively heavy loads of life are diesel engines, such as tractors and trucks.
Diesel cars are difficult to see from the outside, but nowadays like the Volkswagen or Audi's diesel cars have tdi mark. In the past, as long as the sound of the car was heard and the exhaust pipe was emitting black smoke, this must be a diesel engine.
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