Europe: Exclusive vehicle companies and chassis companies are purely customer relationships
After years of development, the European special-purpose vehicle industry has developed such a model: Special-purpose vehicle companies operate independently, and there is neither an asset relationship nor a strategic alliance between chassis manufacturing companies and special-purpose vehicle companies.
In Europe, special-purpose vehicle companies and chassis manufacturing companies are purely customer-relationships. They can freely select the chassis of the chassis for each chassis based on the needs of users and develop their own series of special-purpose vehicles. The product lines of European special-purpose vehicle companies are generally very narrow. Whether it is a complete vehicle company or a parts and components company, it has become the world's number one with the largest number of products in the world, and the largest in the world. Specialization and scale are unique to Europe. The most important feature of the car industry.
The main characteristics of European special-purpose vehicle companies are: large gaps in enterprise scale, large numbers of thousands of people, small dozens or even dozens of people, mostly small and medium-sized enterprises; strong technological development capabilities; many companies are “a hundred-year-old†Family-owned enterprises generally have characteristic products and technologies, possess a large number of technical patents, have high product profits, have strong anti-risk capabilities, have a high degree of specialization, and have complete supporting systems. Many companies only integrate technology and assembly; advanced and practical process equipment , high production efficiency, good product quality; flexible production and management methods, strong market resilience.
European governments do not approve the production qualifications and products of special-purpose vehicle manufacturers. Instead, they control the products through an access system. As long as the product meets the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, it can be produced and sold. The focus of control is on the safety, environmental protection, and fuel economy of the vehicle.
Japan: Special-purpose vehicle companies cooperate with chassis companies and have division of labor
Although Japan has a small land area and limited market demand, there are a large number of special-purpose vehicles and they are of different sizes. Only a few people can live as well.
Unlike Europe, some of Japan's special-purpose vehicle companies are held or controlled by the chassis companies, but they are relatively independent in terms of product development and after-sales services, and they are more of a strategic cooperative relationship. In Japan, the definition of after-sales service responsibility in the use of vehicles is very clear. Whether it is in the face of government regulations or the requirements of users, the chassis company is responsible for the chassis, and the special-purpose vehicle company is responsible for the responsibility of the upper device. If there is a problem with the chassis and the place where it is installed, the parties will jointly analyze and resolve the problem.
More than 60% of Japan's special-purpose vehicles are sold to end-users by dealers of chassis manufacturing companies. Special-purpose vehicle companies have a comprehensive after-sales service network to provide after-sales services to tops. For the convenience of users, special-purpose vehicle companies will try to build after-sales outlets in the vicinity of the network of chassis manufacturing companies. This type of cooperation is conducive to maximizing the interests of users.
In Japan, the chassis used for the production of special vehicles is certified by the chassis manufacturer, and the chassis obtained by the special-purpose vehicle companies are all certified. According to the relevant regulations, a special-purpose vehicle company cannot change the frame in front of the last axle, but can only shorten or lengthen the frame behind the last axle, and also sign a technical agreement with the chassis company for other changes to the chassis. Therefore, Japan's special vehicle regulations only concern total weight, axle load, external dimensions (length, width, height), center of gravity height (involving tilting), rear lighting arrangements, and rear and side guards. As long as the special vehicle company guarantees to meet the regulatory requirements in these respects, it can ensure that the modified vehicle fully meets the regulatory requirements and satisfies the design requirements of the chassis manufacturing company.
For some special vehicles, the Japanese government has strict management. For example, a tanker truck, the Japanese Fire Department shall inspect each tank according to regulations. The inspection may be conducted by the fire department or it may be supervised by the company itself. The results of the inspection should be made into a document with the vehicle and become the basis for vehicle registration. This kind of management not only ensures the effective supervision of the government by the government, but also avoids duplicate management and reduces the burden on the company.
In Japan, special-purpose vehicle companies have not been included in the scope of government's access management. As long as the vehicles modified by any enterprise meet the requirements of laws and regulations, whether or not they can produce and sell is an enterprise matter.
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