Dynamic calibration of sensors

Dynamic calibration of sensors has always been a problem that has plagued sensor development. In the past decade or so, it has been mainly used in the field of military and national defense, and has gradually transformed into a civilian field, making more and more people study in this area. For the dynamic calibration of sensors, relatively long time has been studied abroad, and the areas involved are even wider. Like the United States, Russia, Germany, India, etc., have achieved a higher level. In China, especially in the past 5 or 6 years, some manufacturers and researchers have conducted in-depth research in this field and achieved satisfactory results.

Compared to static measurements, dynamic measurements not only use sensors and secondary instruments that are fast enough to respond, but also perform complex calculations from the original measurement result to the final measurement result, signal recovery. In order to make signal recovery possible, the dynamic response characteristics of the sensors used must be known in advance. Dynamic calibration is produced and developed under such an objective demand situation.

Dynamic calibration of sensors generally starts with production and use. For the manufacturer, the dedicated chip, sensor and amplifier circuit made of the adjusted analog filter can be conveniently packaged and integrated. This will radically improve the dynamic characteristics of the sensor from the hardware. Its advantage lies in the improvement of the overall performance of the sensor, and its fast operation speed and small size can achieve fast response and high resolution. If the dynamic performance of the sensor used by the user deteriorates, it is unlikely that a dynamic compensation analog filter will be used. In this case, the dynamic performance of the test system can be improved only by using a computer. By writing a simple compensation digital filter program, the dynamic performance of the entire channel can be greatly improved without adding hardware.

The sensor is dynamically calibrated either in the time domain or in the frequency domain. The dynamic calibration of most sensors is performed in the time domain. For example, dynamic calibration of a temperature sensor with a laser, dynamic calibration of a pressure sensor with a laser tube, and dynamic calibration of an acceleration sensor with a drop weight device. In short, the method of calibration with different sensors is different.