The working principle and application of non-thermal regenerative compressed air dryer in Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Han Yan (Xinjiang Zhonghe Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830013) In industrial production, some industries such as chemical instruments, pneumatic control, powder input and transportation, tobacco The food, medicine and other industries require the use of dry compressed air. The method of drying the compressed air includes an adsorption method, a freeze drying method, and a pressure lifting method. Adsorption is used for compressed air with a lower pressure dew point. Adsorption dryers are commonly used equipment for drying air by compressed air. Adsorption dryers are almost the only choice when industrially producing dry compressed air below zero dew point.

2 Adsorption principle Adsorption is also called sorption, which is a natural phenomenon in which the concentration of substance molecules changes automatically at the interface of two phases.

The adsorption system consists of an adsorbent and an adsorbate. We refer to a material with a certain adsorption capacity as an adsorbent, and the adsorbed material is called an adsorbate. In the compressed air dryer, the commonly used adsorbent is silica gel, activated alumina and molecular sieve, and the water vapor uniformly mixed in the compressed air is the adsorbate.

The adsorbent has an adsorption capacity because its surface has excess energy called "surface free energy".

The properties of the surface layer molecules of the object are different from those of the internal molecules. In the middle, XY is the liquid-gas interface, A is a molecule inside the liquid, and B is a molecule on the surface layer. It can be seen that A is attracted by molecules around the liquid, and is equally stressed in all directions, and the resultant force is zero. On the other hand, the B molecule is not attracted by the internal molecules of the liquid. Since the gas density is much smaller than the liquid density, its attraction to the B molecule can be neglected. Therefore, it can be considered that the layer molecules are only subjected to the gravitational force of the liquid internal molecules, and the resultant force direction is perpendicular to the liquid surface and points to the inside of the liquid, so that the liquid has Minimize the surface area and reduce the potential energy; adsorption of the dendritic contact will spontaneously produce adsorption, which is an important feature of adsorption.

Anything that can reduce its own energy in nature can be carried out spontaneously. For example, water flows from a high place to a low place, and heat is transmitted from a high temperature to a low temperature end, all of which are performed automatically because the result is that the energy originally possessed by the heat is reduced. The surface of the adsorbent adsorbs molecules of other media. The result of this process is to reduce the "surface free energy" originally possessed by the adsorbent, so the adsorption can proceed spontaneously.

In a compressed air dryer, the process by which water vapor is adsorbed is a spontaneous process that does not require any external energy.

3 The working principle of the non-thermal regenerative dryer The non-heating dryer uses the principle of pressure swing adsorption to remove moisture from the compressed air. The method of countercurrent and non-thermal regeneration adopts the higher the pressure, the more the adsorption amount per unit adsorption; on the contrary, the pressure decreases and the adsorption amount decreases. The gas partial pressure on the surface of the adsorbent has a characteristic of balancing the partial pressure of the surrounding gas, so that the adsorption type is adsorbed under pressure, and the adsorption exothermic reaction is utilized to obtain the adsorption heat of the adsorbent. Then, the part of the dry air is led to the drying tower to be regenerated by throttling and decompression, and the energy of the adsorption heat remaining in the adsorbent during the adsorption process is effectively utilized, and the moisture absorbed by the adsorbent is removed. Drying is completed with drying.

The structure of the non-heat regeneration type dryer is a double tower type tower drying, and the other tower regeneration. The working cycle consists of a drying process in which the airflow rises and a regeneration process in which the airflow descends. At the time of regeneration, the moisture adsorbed in the desiccant is taken out. When the regeneration is switched to dry, the moisture in the compressed air is adsorbed on the desiccant, so that the cycle is repeated to achieve the purpose of drying.

In the middle, after the hot regenerative dryer is turned on, the A tower is adsorbed and transported to Xinjiang non-ferrous metal exhaust port. The inlet of the non-thermal regenerative adsorption dryer is open. The humidified compressed air enters the A tower, in the upward direction. During transportation, the water vapor in the mixed component is adsorbed by the adsorbent which has obtained the adsorption activity in the A column, and the dry air that has lost the moisture enters the gas pipeline through the check valve a. A portion of the low moisture pressure dry air from the A column enters the B column from the upper portion through the orifice plate for the reverse flow from top to bottom. The water that has been adsorbed by the B- Tower adsorbent is desorbed in a low partial pressure environment, and is discharged to the tower through the valve B2 and the muffler E with the low-pressure regeneration gas flow. The adsorbent in the B column is activated by the removal of moisture. . Subsequent to the adsorption of the B column, the second half of the regeneration of the A column is automatically cycled to obtain dry compressed air.

Our company uses dry compressed air for production. According to the actual situation of our company, it adopts adsorption type non-heat regenerative dryer. The production flow chart is: air compressor rear cooler gas storage tank oil water separator filter without heat regeneration The user of the air tank of the dryer gas storage tank, the gas tank at the front end of the oil-water separator mainly plays the role of buffering, avoids the impact on the desiccant in the non-heat regenerative dryer, causes the desiccant to break, affects the drying effect, and has no heat. The main purpose of installing the oil-water separator and filter at the front end of the regenerative dryer is to remove a large amount of oil and water and reduce the pollution to the desiccant. The drying effect is good by this method, and it can fully meet the production needs.

(Continued from page 95) The power equipment of the source was modified. In the DC circuit, the diode can be used for freewheeling. In the AC circuit, the parallel inductor can also be used for the continuous current. For the AC motor and the large AC contactor, the RC resistor can be used. In the numerical control servo system, the alternating current is rectified into direct current and then inverted, so that the motor is isolated from the power grid, and the freewheeling diode can be added to the direct current circuit.

(2) In order to eliminate the influence of interference in the power grid on the CNC machine tool, the usual method is to concentrate the CNC machine tools, use a separate power supply line to implement the power supply without interference power grid; the second is to use the transformer isolation method to call the isolation transformer) to reduce the interference pulse. The impact on CNC. The principle of this method is to exploit the characteristics of the transformer's inductive reactance related to the signal frequency. Since the frequency of the interference pulse is much higher than the 50 Hz alternating current, the transmission power of the transformer is relatively small.

(3) In addition, capacitors can be used to filter the interference pulses. A large-capacity filter capacitor is mounted in the DC circuit. This type of capacitor is usually an electrolytic capacitor. Its structure makes it have a large inductance, and it is slow to react to high-frequency pulses. It needs to be compensated by a non-inductive capacitor.

(4) Filtering using harmonic filters. Active filters are a more effective solution to eliminate system harmonics. The active filter is a three-phase parallel converter composed of IGBT tubes connected in parallel to the power grid via a series reactor. Through real-time detection, the active filter injects a compensation current into the power supply system, and the compensation current and the harmonics in the load current The currents are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, cancel each other out, and the function of filtering out harmonics is realized to ensure that the current flowing into the system current is a sine wave.

5 Other factors Interference Some interference is a problem in the assembly process of the machine tool manufacturer, such as improper selection of grounding points; improper handling of shielded wires; poor contact, and weak soldering of wires. In addition, the surrounding environmental impact can not be ignored.

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