The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†outlines the need to “coordinate domestic and international two overall situations and grasp the new position in the global economic division of labor†and proposes to continuously develop new conditions in the import and export, foreign investment absorption, and foreign investment. The open areas and space for China have improved the institutional mechanisms that are more suitable for the development of an open economy.
This "new positioning" should focus on what aspects? How will China find its new position in the global economy in the next five years? On this related issue, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming (column) accepted an exclusive interview with this reporter.
Changes in internal and external environment put forward new requirements Reporter: What is the meaning of the "new positioning" mentioned in the "Twelfth Five-year Plan"? What does this mean for the Chinese economy in the next five years?
Chen Deming: The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" outline clearly states that it is necessary to "grasp the new positioning in the global economic division of labor." This is based on a comprehensive grasp of the current international environmental development and changes, and an in-depth analysis of the phased characteristics of China's economic development. Out important statement.
During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, a new trend appeared in the international environment. The international financial crisis triggered adjustments and changes in the global economic development model and supply and demand model. The strategic goals and supporting conditions for domestic economic development have also undergone major changes. Changes in the internal and external environment have set new requirements for China's international economic division of labor.
China's new position in the global economic division of labor is mainly reflected in extending the value chain, increasing the added value, and promoting China's division of labor in the international industrial chain from the manufacturing and manufacturing sectors to the R&D design and marketing services. This will require China’s economic development to take advantage of new changes in international market demand and new trends in scientific and technological advancement, give play to the comparative advantages of China’s industries in the global economy, accelerate the pace of transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, vigorously cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate development to R&D. Design and marketing are the main content of productive services.
In fact, after more than 30 years of development, China’s industrial base has been continuously strengthened, the level of science and technology has been greatly improved, talent resources have become more abundant, and the market players with international competitiveness continue to expand, providing favorable conditions for reorienting China’s position in the global economic division of labor. condition.
The main direction of future industrial development Reporter: Compared to this new position, how to adjust the industrial structure and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry?
Chen Deming: At present, our country has entered the middle stage of industrialization in general, and the scale of manufacturing industry is already very large. Of the more than 30 categories classified in the manufacturing industry, more than half of the industries have the largest production scale in the world, but the overall level of manufacturing Relatively low. It is mainly manifested in the fact that innovative R&D capability is not strong, relatively few core key technologies are mastered, there are few products with independent intellectual property rights and independent brands, and international marketing channels are weak.
According to the new position in China's international economic division of labor, the main direction of China's industrial development in the next few years will be manifested in the following aspects:
The first is to speed up the cultivation of new advantages in international competition. While continuing to leverage China’s comparative advantages, consolidate and expand the market share of labor-intensive products, we will accelerate the formation of new advantages in export competition with technology, brand, quality, and service as the core, and realize the leap from “Made in China†to “Created in Chinaâ€. Enhance China's position in the global industrial division of labor.
The second is to develop service trade. Service trade has become the focus of a new round of international competition and an important way to deeply participate in economic globalization. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, service trade should be regarded as a new platform for participation in international economic cooperation and competition, and trade in goods should be used to promote trade in services, and the acceleration of development in trade in services should be used to promote the improvement of trade in goods, and to achieve a positive interaction between trade in goods and trade in services. .
The third is to cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries. Cultivating and developing emerging industries has become a strategic choice for countries in the world to seize a new round of economic and technological commanding heights. Accelerating the development of strategic emerging industries will help China to accelerate the extension of the international industrial chain at both ends.
The fourth is to enhance the role of foreign investment in technological progress and industrial upgrading.
We will insist on importing and exporting. Reporter: During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, how should China's economic development be better promoted in the context of economic integration in accordance with the new conditions of domestic and international economic development?
Chen Deming: Since the reform and opening up, especially since China’s accession to the WTO, China has gradually become an important part of the global economy. Thirty years ago, China’s contribution to global economic growth accounted for only 3%, and in 2009 and 2010 it exceeded 50%. During its third review of China’s trade policy, the WTO pointed out that in response to the financial crisis, China “played a constructive role in stimulating global demand†and “made important contributions to world economic stabilityâ€.
Faced with the new international and domestic situation, during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period, China will insist on equal emphasis on imports and exports, attract foreign investment and pay equal attention to foreign investment, and regard increasing the level of opening up as a new driving force for transforming the mode of economic development.
Reporter: Foreign trade is one of the "troikas" for China's economic development. What is the focus of the next five years on imports?
Chen Deming: In recent years, China has paid more attention to the positive role of imports in macroeconomic balance and structural adjustment. China's imports are also an important driving force for world economic growth, and have made tremendous contributions to alleviating world development imbalances. In 2010, the U.S. export increase to China was 32.2%, the EU was 30.2%, and Japan was 36.6%, both far higher than the increase in its imports from China. At present, China is the largest export market for Japan, South Korea, ASEAN and other countries and regions, the EU’s second largest export market, and the United States’ third largest export market.
In the future, we will continue to increase imports from the least developed countries and major export countries. Since China is in the process of industrialization, a large number of enterprises are in a process of changing their structure and adjustment methods, and they need to expand their equipment. With regard to imports of technology and some important resources and raw materials, it is hoped that those countries with large trade deficits with China will be able to relax export control measures and create a favorable policy environment for promoting the balanced development of bilateral trade.
In fact, China’s foreign trade is moving in a more balanced direction. According to statistics from China Customs, China’s trade surplus in 2009 was 100 billion US dollars lower than in 2008, and it further decreased by 12.6 billion US dollars in 2010. We expect that the annual trade surplus will also account for 3.1% of GDP in the previous year. Based on the further decline.
This "new positioning" should focus on what aspects? How will China find its new position in the global economy in the next five years? On this related issue, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming (column) accepted an exclusive interview with this reporter.
Changes in internal and external environment put forward new requirements Reporter: What is the meaning of the "new positioning" mentioned in the "Twelfth Five-year Plan"? What does this mean for the Chinese economy in the next five years?
Chen Deming: The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" outline clearly states that it is necessary to "grasp the new positioning in the global economic division of labor." This is based on a comprehensive grasp of the current international environmental development and changes, and an in-depth analysis of the phased characteristics of China's economic development. Out important statement.
During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, a new trend appeared in the international environment. The international financial crisis triggered adjustments and changes in the global economic development model and supply and demand model. The strategic goals and supporting conditions for domestic economic development have also undergone major changes. Changes in the internal and external environment have set new requirements for China's international economic division of labor.
China's new position in the global economic division of labor is mainly reflected in extending the value chain, increasing the added value, and promoting China's division of labor in the international industrial chain from the manufacturing and manufacturing sectors to the R&D design and marketing services. This will require China’s economic development to take advantage of new changes in international market demand and new trends in scientific and technological advancement, give play to the comparative advantages of China’s industries in the global economy, accelerate the pace of transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, vigorously cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate development to R&D. Design and marketing are the main content of productive services.
In fact, after more than 30 years of development, China’s industrial base has been continuously strengthened, the level of science and technology has been greatly improved, talent resources have become more abundant, and the market players with international competitiveness continue to expand, providing favorable conditions for reorienting China’s position in the global economic division of labor. condition.
The main direction of future industrial development Reporter: Compared to this new position, how to adjust the industrial structure and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry?
Chen Deming: At present, our country has entered the middle stage of industrialization in general, and the scale of manufacturing industry is already very large. Of the more than 30 categories classified in the manufacturing industry, more than half of the industries have the largest production scale in the world, but the overall level of manufacturing Relatively low. It is mainly manifested in the fact that innovative R&D capability is not strong, relatively few core key technologies are mastered, there are few products with independent intellectual property rights and independent brands, and international marketing channels are weak.
According to the new position in China's international economic division of labor, the main direction of China's industrial development in the next few years will be manifested in the following aspects:
The first is to speed up the cultivation of new advantages in international competition. While continuing to leverage China’s comparative advantages, consolidate and expand the market share of labor-intensive products, we will accelerate the formation of new advantages in export competition with technology, brand, quality, and service as the core, and realize the leap from “Made in China†to “Created in Chinaâ€. Enhance China's position in the global industrial division of labor.
The second is to develop service trade. Service trade has become the focus of a new round of international competition and an important way to deeply participate in economic globalization. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, service trade should be regarded as a new platform for participation in international economic cooperation and competition, and trade in goods should be used to promote trade in services, and the acceleration of development in trade in services should be used to promote the improvement of trade in goods, and to achieve a positive interaction between trade in goods and trade in services. .
The third is to cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries. Cultivating and developing emerging industries has become a strategic choice for countries in the world to seize a new round of economic and technological commanding heights. Accelerating the development of strategic emerging industries will help China to accelerate the extension of the international industrial chain at both ends.
The fourth is to enhance the role of foreign investment in technological progress and industrial upgrading.
We will insist on importing and exporting. Reporter: During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, how should China's economic development be better promoted in the context of economic integration in accordance with the new conditions of domestic and international economic development?
Chen Deming: Since the reform and opening up, especially since China’s accession to the WTO, China has gradually become an important part of the global economy. Thirty years ago, China’s contribution to global economic growth accounted for only 3%, and in 2009 and 2010 it exceeded 50%. During its third review of China’s trade policy, the WTO pointed out that in response to the financial crisis, China “played a constructive role in stimulating global demand†and “made important contributions to world economic stabilityâ€.
Faced with the new international and domestic situation, during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period, China will insist on equal emphasis on imports and exports, attract foreign investment and pay equal attention to foreign investment, and regard increasing the level of opening up as a new driving force for transforming the mode of economic development.
Reporter: Foreign trade is one of the "troikas" for China's economic development. What is the focus of the next five years on imports?
Chen Deming: In recent years, China has paid more attention to the positive role of imports in macroeconomic balance and structural adjustment. China's imports are also an important driving force for world economic growth, and have made tremendous contributions to alleviating world development imbalances. In 2010, the U.S. export increase to China was 32.2%, the EU was 30.2%, and Japan was 36.6%, both far higher than the increase in its imports from China. At present, China is the largest export market for Japan, South Korea, ASEAN and other countries and regions, the EU’s second largest export market, and the United States’ third largest export market.
In the future, we will continue to increase imports from the least developed countries and major export countries. Since China is in the process of industrialization, a large number of enterprises are in a process of changing their structure and adjustment methods, and they need to expand their equipment. With regard to imports of technology and some important resources and raw materials, it is hoped that those countries with large trade deficits with China will be able to relax export control measures and create a favorable policy environment for promoting the balanced development of bilateral trade.
In fact, China’s foreign trade is moving in a more balanced direction. According to statistics from China Customs, China’s trade surplus in 2009 was 100 billion US dollars lower than in 2008, and it further decreased by 12.6 billion US dollars in 2010. We expect that the annual trade surplus will also account for 3.1% of GDP in the previous year. Based on the further decline.
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