China's highest level centrifuge successfully developed

Precision centrifuges are the key testing and calibration equipment for high precision inertial navigation instruments. High-precision inertial navigation is a navigation parameter solving system that uses gyro and accelerometer as sensitive devices. It can calculate the speed and position in the navigation coordinate system according to the inertial device output, and it can be used in aerospace, defense science and technology, and mapping and navigation. widely.

We often say that it is rock solid, but it is ten times more stable than vermiculite; we often say that it is as fine as hair, but the radius deviation when it rotates is only 1/80 of the hair. And even if the conditions are so harsh, it is still a super "sprocket player": to allow 10 kg of objects, through a stable rotation of only 1 nanosecond per lap, to achieve 100 times the acceleration of gravity.

This is the highest level precision centrifuge in China with leading indicators such as the highest national standard for scientific equipment development—high-precision inertial instrument calibration and detection devices—up to 10 kg for maximum load, 10-6 for relative standard uncertainty, and 100 g for steady-state linear acceleration. Recently, a reporter from Science and Technology Daily went to the Institute of General Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics to visit this "Great G Value" and "High-precision" major scientific instrument.

In 2011, as one of the first national major scientific instrument and equipment development projects, the General Engineering Institute of China Academy of Engineering Physics launched the project of “Development and Application of High-accuracy Inertial Instrument Calibration and Detection Devices”. This is a truly independent innovation that “starts from scratch.” Before that, developed countries in the world with the same level of equipment had even their measurement models, numerical simulation methods and basic algorithms “secretly” but not to mention it. Said design and manufacturing, installation process.

At present, the centrifuge has reached leading indicators such as a maximum load of 10 kilograms, a relative standard uncertainty of 10-6, and a steady-state linear acceleration of 100 g. Its successful development also fills the gap of precision centrifuges with an acceleration uncertainty of 10-6 in the range of 1g-100g.

The author saw at the equipment site that this 2.4-ton instrument with a total diameter of 2.2 meters was installed on a cement platform weighing 2,000 tons and supported by springs in both horizontal and vertical directions. In the work, it can rotate the object with a maximum load of 10 kilograms at a speed of 300 revolutions per minute to 100 times the gravitational acceleration. In terms of accurate speed control, the time difference between each revolution is only 1 nanosecond. In terms of dynamic radius variation control, the deviation of the axis generated by centrifugal force is controlled only at 1/80 of the hair.

High-precision inertial instrument calibration and detection precision centrifuges are designed to integrate system design technology, control technology, drive technology, manufacturing technology, measurement technology, analysis technology, and test technology into a single system. All the work carried the hard work of the scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on numerous days and nights. In research and development, this technical point is evaluated against the relative standard uncertainty. The team started with basic theoretical analysis and systematically studied and analyzed more than 20 influencing factors affecting this indicator, including the equipment itself. Manufacturing, installation, and measurement error compensation calculations, influences of parameters such as Earth's gravitation, ground pulsation, air temperature, humidity, even lunar gravity, celestial movement, etc., carried out complicated quantitative analysis calculations, and utilized a precision centrifuge that was being developed. The system carried out a large number of tests and verifications, and finally established a scientific and reasonable mathematical model for evaluating indicators.

"The stability of unmanned ground is about 10 to 5, while the high-precision centrifuge requires 10 times the stability of the ground 10-6, so precise requirements, the difficulty behind the development can be imagined." The project leader and researcher of the General Party Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Li Kaisheng, told reporters that in the design, development, installation, and testing of equipment, the research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has filled many gaps in design, technology, materials, and assembly. Among them, two-way high-capacity high-precision air bearings, precision motors, precision measurement systems, micro-vibration isolation systems and other core components have been independently designed and completed by scientists, and have applied for 25 patents and promote domestic processing and manufacturing, new materials and other fields. A number of technological advances.

The director of the institute, Qiu Yong, said that as a typical military-civilian integration project, the successful development of precision centrifuges will fill the gaps in the field of scientific instruments for the calibration and calibration of large-scale inertial navigation instrumentation equipment in China, and promote the geodetic survey and oil drilling in China. Advances in science and technology such as aeronautics, aerospace, precision guidance, and other major areas of national defense have made the world's centrifuges in civil engineering, military environment simulation, rapid acceleration, multi-degree-of-freedom overload simulation, manned, and precision detection in the general international advanced level.