Long-term consumption of cadmium- contaminated foods may lead to "painful illness", that is, the excessive volume of cadmium damages the renal tubular function, causing the loss of protein in the body from the urine, forming cartilage and spontaneous fractures over time. Long-term consumption of cadmium-contaminated tap water or surface water, and irrigation with cadmium-contaminated water (especially rice) can cause cadmium to accumulate in the body, causing kidney damage, which leads to osteomalacia and pain in the whole body. disease". In addition, chronic cadmium poisoning also has an impact on human fertility, which can seriously damage the Y factor, making the birth of the baby mostly female.
Cadmium entering the human body forms cadmium-sulfur protein in the body, reaches the whole body through the blood, and selectively accumulates in the kidney and liver. The kidney can accumulate 1/3 of the absorbed amount and is the target organ for cadmium poisoning. In addition, there is a certain accumulation in the spleen, pancreas, thyroid, testis and hair. Cadmium is mainly excreted through the feces, and a small amount is excreted from the urine. In normal human blood, the cadmium content is very low, it will increase after exposure to cadmium, but it can quickly return to normal after stopping contact. The combination of cadmium with protein molecules containing hydroxyl, amino and sulfhydryl groups can inhibit many enzyme systems and affect the normal function of the enzyme system in liver and kidney organs. Cadmium also damages the renal tubules, causing symptoms such as diabetes, proteinuria, and amino aciduria, and increases the output of urinary calcium and uric acid. Renal insufficiency affects the activity of vitamin D3, which hinders the growth and metabolism of bones, resulting in loose bones, atrophy, and deformation. Chronic cadmium poisoning mainly affects the kidneys. The most typical example is Japan's famous public remedy, pain, but there are obvious regional pains in Japan. Some of the symptoms (such as osteomalacia) occur in other chronic cadmium poisoning. The area is relatively rare. Chronic cadmium poisoning can also cause anemia. Acute cadmium poisoning is mostly caused by a single inhalation or ingestion of large amounts of cadmium in a production environment. Large doses of cadmium are a strong local irritant. Cadmium-containing gas can cause respiratory irritation through the respiratory tract, such as pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and difficulty breathing. When cadmium enters the human body from the digestive tract, symptoms such as vomiting, gastrointestinal cramps, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur, and even death due to liver and kidney syndrome may occur.
From animal experiments and population epidemiological investigations, cadmium can also cause aberrations in warm-blooded animals and human chromosomes. The teratogenic and carcinogenic effects of cadmium (mainly caused by prostate cancer) have also been confirmed by animal experiments, but have not been confirmed by human epidemiological investigation materials.
Zhejiang Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, Kong Qinghu et al., a study on the impact of environmental cadmium pollution on human health, that cadmium pollution mainly involves the renal tubules, and can cause osteoporosis and damage to male urinary and reproductive systems. Zinc protects against cadmium damage. effect. The research recently won the first prize of Zhejiang Medical and Health Technology Innovation.
The study began in 1979 and involved external environmental pollution sources, pollution pathways, pollution coverage, pollution levels, cadmium intake of the population, and human health hazards. Studies have shown that the cadmium pollution pathway is dominated by water pollution (wastewater → soil → rice → human body), and the cadmium content of rice and human cadmium intake can reflect the degree of environmental pollution.
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