Cross breeding and mutation breeding in agricultural production
In production practice, in order to increase grain yield, breeding research is often conducted to solve production problems. In the past few years, Yuan Longping's hybrid rice has created a legend in the rice industry, which has greatly improved the yield of rice and improved the quality of rice. There are many methods for breeding, such as cross breeding, mutagenic breeding and the like.
Crossbreeding: The principle is gene recombination, and new varieties are obtained through continuous self-interesting and continuous seed selection. Among them, seed quality identification is required before seeding. For example, the seeds are selected by the wind-selection apparatus, and the seeds are subjected to a clean degree analysis. In addition, the seed weight determination and moisture content determination are performed. The specific cross breeding is as follows: The high stalk (D) of wheat is known to be dominant for dwarf (d), and rust resistance (R) is dominant for susceptible rust (r), and two pairs of traits are inherited independently. The existing high-stalk rust-resistant, dwarf-prone disease two pure line varieties. It requires the use of cross breeding methods to produce new varieties with good traits. Operation method: 1 Let the pure culm resistant to rust and dwarf rust-prone wheat hybrid F1; 2 let F1 self-cross F2; ​​3 selected F2 dwarf rust-resistant wheat self-cross F3; 4 stay in F3 not Dwarf disease-resistant individuals with segregating traits have repeated 34 steps for separation of traits in F3. However, the length of crossbreeding is relatively long and it is necessary to continuously eliminate old varieties. This method is more suitable for individuals of different species in the same species, as well as individuals of different species with close relatives. During the breeding process, we can use computer filters for seed selection. There are certain differences between the computer filter and the grain filter. There are gaps in the appearance of the instrument and the scope of use. The grain filter is applicable to the grain-containing foodstuffs, the impurity content of oil samples, and the content of rice and wolfberry powder.
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